Complete Syllabus of IIT JEE Mains & Advance
JEE (Main) Physics Syllabus
The syllabus contains two Sections - A and B.
Section - A pertains to the Theory Part having 80% weightage, while Section
- B contains Practical Component (Experimental Skills) having 20% weightage.
SECTION A UNIT 1: Physics and Measurement Physics,
technology and society, S I units, Fundamental and derived units. Least
count, accuracy and precision of measuring instruments, Errors in measurement,
Significant figures. Dimensions of Physical quantities, dimensional analysis
and its applications.
UNIT 2: Kinematics Frame of reference.
Motion in a straight line: Position-time graph, speed and velocity. Uniform
and non-uniform motion, average speed and instantaneous velocity Uniformly
accelerated motion, velocity-time, position- time graphs, relations for
uniformly accelerated motion. Scalars and Vectors, Vector addition and
Subtraction, Zero Vector, Scalar and Vector products, Unit Vector, Resolution
of a Vector. Relative Velocity, Motion in a plane, Projectile Motion,
Uniform Circular Motion.
UNIT 3: Laws of Motion
Force and Inertia, Newton’s First Law of motion; Momentum,
Newton’s Second Law of motion; Impulse; Newton’s Third Law
of motion. Law of conservation of linear momentum and its applications,
Equilibrium of concurrent forces. Static and Kinetic friction, laws of
friction, rolling friction. Dynamics of uniform circular motion: Centripetal
force and its applications.
UNIT 4: Work, Energy and Power
Work done by a constant force and a variable force; kinetic and
potential energies, work energy theorem, power. Potential energy of a
spring, conservation of mechanical energy, conservative and non-conservative
forces; Elastic and inelastic collisions in one and two dimensions.
UNIT 5: Rotational Motion
Centre of mass of a two-particle system, Centre of mass of a rigid
body; Basic concepts of rotational motion; moment of a force, torque,
angular momentum, conservation of angular momentum and its applications;
moment of inertia, radius of gyration. Values of moments of inertia for
simple geometrical objects, parallel and perpendicular axes theorems and
their applications. Rigid body rotation, equations of rotational motion.
UNIT 6: Gravitation
The universal law of gravitation. Acceleration due to gravity and
its variation with altitude and depth. Kepler’s laws of planetary
motion. Gravitational potential energy; gravitational potential. Escape
velocity. Orbital velocity of a satellite. Geo-stationary satellites.
UNIT 7: Properties of Solids and Liquids
Elastic behaviour, Stress-strain relationship, Hooke’s Law,
Young’s modulus, bulk modulus, modulus of rigidity. Pressure due
to a fluid column; Pascal’s law and its applications. Viscosity,
Stokes’ law, terminal velocity, streamline and turbulent flow, Reynolds
number. Bernoulli’s principle and its applications. Surface energy
and surface tension, angle of contact, application of surface tension
- drops, bubbles and capillary rise. Heat, temperature, thermal expansion;
specific heat capacity, calorimetry; change of state, latent heat. Heat
transfer- conduction, convection and radiation, Newton’s law of
cooling.
UNIT 8: Thermodynamics
Thermal equilibrium, zeroth law of thermodynamics, concept of temperature.
Heat, work and internal energy. First law of thermodynamics. Second law
of thermodynamics: reversible and irreversible processes. Carnot engine
and its efficiency.
UNIT 9: Kinetic Theory of Gases
Equation of state of a perfect gas, work doneon compressing a gas.Kinetic
theory of gases - assumptions, concept of pressure. Kinetic energy and
temperature: rms speed of gas molecules; Degrees of freedom, Law of equipartition
of energy,applications to specific heat capacities of gases; Mean free
path, Avogadro’s number.
UNIT 10: Oscillations and Waves
Periodic motion - period, frequency, displacement as a function
of time. Periodic functions. Simple harmonic motion (S.H.M.) and its equation;
phase; oscillations of a spring -restoring force and force constant; energy
in S.H.M. - kinetic and potential energies; Simple pendulum - derivation
of expression for its time period; Free, forced and damped oscillations,
resonance. Wave motion. Longitudinal and transverse waves, speed of a
wave. Displacement relation for a progressive wave. Principle of superposition
of waves, reflection of waves, Standing waves in strings and organ pipes,
fundamental mode and harmonics, Beats, Doppler effect in sound
UNIT 11: Electrostatics
Electric charges: Conservation of charge, Coulomb’s law-forces
between two point charges, forces between multiple charges; superposition
principle and continuous charge distribution.
Electric field: Electric field due to a point charge, Electric field lines,
Electric dipole, Electric field due to a dipole, Torque on a dipole in
a uniform electric field.
Electric flux, Gauss’s law and its applications to find field due
to infinitely long uniformly charged straight wire, uniformly charged
infinite plane sheet and uniformly charged thin spherical shell. Electric
potential and its calculation for a point charge, electric dipole and
system of charges; Equipotential surfaces, Electrical potential energy
of a system of two point charges in an electrostatic field.
Conductors and insulators, Dielectrics and electric polarization, capacitor,
combination of capacitors in series and in parallel, capacitance of a
parallel plate capacitor with and without dielectric medium between the
plates, Energy stored in a capacitor.
UNIT 12: Current Electricity
Electric current, Drift velocity, Ohm’s law, Electrical resistance,
Resistances of different materials, V-I characteristics of Ohmic and nonohmic
conductors, Electrical energy and power, Electrical resistivity, Colour
code for resistors; Series and parallel combinations of resistors; Temperature
dependence of resistance.
Electric Cell and its Internal resistance, potential difference and emf
of a cell, combination of cells in series and in parallel. Kirchhoff’s
laws and their applications. Wheatstone bridge, Metre bridge. Potentiometer
- principle and its applications.
UNIT 13: Magnetic Effects of Current and Magnetism
Biot - Savart law and its application to current carrying circular
loop. Ampere’s law and its applications to infinitely long current
carrying straight wire and solenoid. Force on a moving charge in uniform
magnetic and electric fields. Cyclotron.
Force on a current-carrying conductor in a uniform magnetic field. Force
between two parallel current-carrying conductors-definition of ampere.
Torque experienced by a current loop in uniform magnetic field; Moving
coil galvanometer, its current sensitivity and conversion to ammeter and
voltmeter.
Current loop as a magnetic dipole and its magnetic dipole moment. Bar
magnet as an equivalent solenoid, magnetic field lines; Earth’s
magnetic field and magnetic elements. Para-, dia- and ferro- magnetic
substances.
Magnetic susceptibility and permeability, Hysteresis, Electromagnets and
permanent magnets.
UNIT 14: Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Currents
Electromagnetic induction; Faraday’s law, induced emf and
current; Lenz’s Law, Eddy currents. Self and mutual inductance.
Alternating currents, peak and rms value of alternating current/ voltage;
reactance and impedance; LCR series circuit, resonance; Quality factor,
power in AC circuits, wattless current. AC generator and transformer.
UNIT 15: Electromagnetic Waves
Electromagnetic waves and their characteristics. Transverse nature
of electromagnetic waves.
Electromagnetic spectrum (radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible,
ultraviolet, Xrays, gamma rays). Applications of e.m. waves.
UNIT 16: Optics
Reflection and refraction of light at plane and spherical surfaces,
mirror formula, Total internal reflection and its applications, Deviation
and Dispersion of light by a prism, Lens Formula, Magnification, Power
of a Lens, Combination of thin lenses in contact, Microscope and Astronomical
Telescope (reflecting and refracting) and their magnifying powers.
Wave optics: wavefront and Huygens’ principle, Laws of reflection and refraction using Huygen’s principle. Interference, Young’s double slit experiment and expression for fringe width, coherent sources and sustained interference of light. Diffraction due to a single slit, width of central maximum. Resolving power of microscopes and astronomical telescopes, Polarisation, plane polarized light; Brewster’s law, uses of plane polarized light and Polaroids.
UNIT 17: Dual Nature of Matter and Radiation
Dual nature of radiation. Photoelectric effect, Hertz and Lenard’s
observations; Einstein’s photoelectric equation; particle nature
of light. Matter waves-wave nature of particle, de Broglie relation. Davisson-Germer
experiment.
UNIT 18: Atoms and Nuclei
Alpha-particle scattering experiment; Rutherford’s model
of atom; Bohr model, energy levels, hydrogen spectrum. Composition and
size of nucleus, atomic masses, isotopes, isobars; isotones. Radioactivity-alpha,
beta and gamma particles/rays and their properties; radioactive decay
law. Mass-energy relation, mass defect; binding energy per nucleon and
its variation with mass number, nuclear fission and fusion.
UNIT 19: Electronic Devices
Semiconductors; semiconductor diode: I-V characteristics in forward
and reverse bias; diode as a rectifier; I-V characteristics of LED, photodiode,
solar cell and Zener diode; Zener diode as a voltage regulator. Junction
transistor, transistor action, characteristics of a transistor; transistor
as an amplifier (common emitter configuration) and oscillator. Logic gates
(OR, AND, NOT, NAND and NOR). Transistor as a switch.
UNIT 20: Communication Systems
Propagation of electromagnetic waves in the atmosphere; Sky and
space wave propagation, Need for modulation, Amplitude and Frequency Modulation,
Bandwidth of signals, Bandwidth of Transmission medium, Basic Elements
of a Communication System (Block Diagram only)
SECTION-B
UNIT 21: Experimental Skills
JEE (Main) Chemistry Syllabus
Section A: Physical Chemistry
UNIT 1: Some Basic concepts in Chemistry
Matter and its nature, Dalton’s atomic theory; Concept of
atom, molecule, element and compound; Physical quantities and their measurements
in Chemistry, precision and accuracy, significant figures, S.I. Units,
dimensional analysis; Laws of chemical combination; Atomic and molecular
masses, mole concept, molar mass, percentage composition, empirical and
molecular formulae; Chemical equations and stoichiometry.
UNIT 2: States of Matter
Classification of matter into solid, liquid and gaseous states.
Gaseous State: Measurable properties of gases; Gas laws - Boyle’s
law, Charle’s law, Graham’s law of diffusion, Avogadro’s
law, Dalton’s law of partial pressure; Concept of Absolute scale
of temperature; Ideal gas equation, Kinetic theory of gases (only postulates);
Concept of average, root mean square and most probable velocities; Real
gases, deviation from Ideal behaviour, compressibility factor, van der
Waals equation, liquefaction of gases, critical constants.
Liquid State: Properties of liquids - vapour pressure, viscosity and surface tension and effect of temperature on them (qualitative treatment only).
Solid State: Classification of solids: molecular, ionic, covalent and metallic solids, amorphous and crystalline solids (elementary idea); Bragg’s Law and its applications; Unit cell and lattices, packing in solids (fcc, bcc and hcp lattices), voids, calculations involving unit cell parameters, imperfection in solids; Electrical, magnetic and dielectric properties.
UNIT 3: Atomic Structure
Discovery of sub-atomic particles (electron, proton and neutron);
Thomson and Rutherford atomic models and their limitations; Nature of
electromagnetic radiation, photoelectric effect; Spectrum of hydrogen
atom, Bohr model of hydrogen atom - its postulates, derivation of the
relations for energy of the electron and radii of the different orbits,
limitations of Bohr’s model; Dual nature of matter, de-Broglie’s
relationship, Heisenberg uncertainty principle.
Elementary ideas of quantum mechanics, quantum mechanical model of atom, its important features, concept of atomic orbitals as one electron wave functions; Variation of ? and ?2 with r for 1s and 2s orbitals; various quantum numbers (principal, angular momentum and magnetic quantum numbers) and their significance; shapes of s, p and d - orbitals, electron spin and spin quantum number; Rules for filling electrons in orbitals - aufbau principle, Pauli’s exclusion principle and Hund’s rule, electronic configuration of elements, extra stability of half-filled and completely filled orbitals.
UNIT 4: Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure
Kossel - Lewis approach to chemical bond formation, concept of
ionic and covalent bonds.
Ionic Bonding: Formation of ionic bonds, factors affecting the formation
of ionic bonds; calculation of lattice enthalpy.
Covalent Bonding: Concept of electronegativity, Fajan’s rule, dipole
moment; Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion (VSEPR) theory and shapes
of simple molecules. Quantum mechanical approach to covalent bonding:
Valence bond theory - Its important features, concept of hybridization
involving s, p and d orbitals; Resonance.
Molecular Orbital Theory - Its important features, LCAOs, types of molecular orbitals (bonding, antibonding), sigma and pi-bonds, molecular orbital electronic configurations of homonuclear diatomic molecules, concept of bond order, bond length and bond energy. Elementary idea of metallic bonding. Hydrogen bonding and its applications.
UNIT 5: Chemical Thermodynamics
Fundamentals of thermodynamics: System and surroundings, extensive
and intensive properties, state functions, types of processes. First law
of thermodynamics: Concept of work, heat internal energy and enthalpy,
heat capacity, molar heat capacity; Hess’s law of constant heat
summation; Enthalpies of bond dissociation, combustion, formation, atomization,
sublimation, phase transition, hydration, ionization and solution. Second
law of thermodynamics: Spontaneity of processes; ?S of the universe and
?G of the system as criteria for spontaneity, ?Go (Standard Gibbs energy
change) and equilibrium constant.
UNIT 6: Solutions
Different methods for expressing concentration of solution - molality,
molarity, mole fraction, percentage (by volume and mass both), vapour
pressure of solutions and Raoult’s Law - Ideal and non-ideal solutions,
vapour pressure - composition, plots for ideal and non-ideal solutions;
Colligative properties of dilute solutions - relative lowering of vapour
pressure, depression of freezing point, elevation of boiling point and
osmotic pressure; Determination of molecular mass using colligative properties;
Abnormal value of molar mass, van’t Hoff factor and its significance.
UNIT 7: Equilibrium
Meaning of equilibrium, concept of dynamic equilibrium. Equilibria
involving physical processes: Solid -liquid, liquid - gas and solid -
gas equilibria, Henry’s law, general characterics of equilibrium
involving physical processes. Equilibria involving chemical processes:
Law of chemical equilibrium, equilibrium constants (Kp and Kc) and their
significance, significance of ?G and ?Go in chemical equilibria, factors
affecting equilibrium concentration, pressure, temperature, effect of
catalyst; Le Chatelier’s principle.
Ionic equilibrium: Weak and strong electrolytes, ionization of electrolytes, various concepts of acids and bases (Arrhenius, Bronsted - Lowry and Lewis) and their ionization, acid - base equilibria (including multistage ionization) and ionization constants, ionization of water, pH scale, common ion effect, hydrolysis of salts and pH of their solutions, solubility of sparingly soluble salts and solubility products, buffer solutions.
UNIT 8: Redox Reactions and Electrochemistry
Electronic concepts of oxidation and reduction, redox reactions,
oxidation number, rules for assigning oxidation number, balancing of redox
reactions. Eectrolytic and metallic conduction, conductance in electrolytic
solutions, specific and molar conductivities and their variation with
concentration: Kohlrausch’s law and its applications.
Electrochemical cells - Electrolytic and Galvanic cells, different types of electrodes, electrode potentials including standard electrode potential, half - cell and cell reactions, emf of a Galvanic cell and its measurement; Nernst equation and its applications; Relationship between cell potential and Gibbs’ energy change; Dry cell and lead accumulator; Fuel cells; Corrosion and its prevention.
UNIT 9: Chemical Kinetics
Rate of a chemical reaction, factors affecting the rate of reactions:
concentration, temperature, pressure and catalyst; elementary and complex
reactions, order and molecularity of reactions, rate law, rate constant
and its units, differential and integral forms of zero and first order
reactions, their characteristics and half - lives, effect of temperature
on rate of reactions - Arrhenius theory, activation energy and its calculation,
collision theory of bimolecular gaseous reactions (no derivation).
UNIT 10: Surface Chemistry
Adsorption - Physisorption and chemisorption and their characteristics,
factors affecting adsorption of gases on solids - Freundlich and Langmuir
adsorption isotherms, adsorption from solutions.
Catalysis - Homogeneous and heterogeneous, activity and selectivity of
solid catalysts, enzyme catalysis and its mechanism.
Colloidal state - distinction among true solutions, colloids and suspensions,
classification of colloids - lyophilic, lyophobic; multi molecular, macromolecular
and associated colloids (micelles), preparation and properties of colloids
- Tyndall effect, Brownian movement, electrophoresis, dialysis, coagulation
and flocculation; Emulsions and their characteristics.
Section B: Inorganic Chemistry
UNIT 11: Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties
Modem periodic law and present form of the periodic table, s, p, d and f block elements, periodic trends in properties of elementsatomic and ionic radii, ionization enthalpy, electron gain enthalpy, valence, oxidation states and chemical reactivity.
UNIT 12: General Principles and Process of Isolation of
Metals
Modes of occurrence of elements in nature, minerals, ores; steps
involved in the extraction of metals - concentration, reduction (chemical.
and electrolytic methods) and refining with special reference to the extraction
of Al, Cu, Zn and Fe; Thermodynamic and electrochemical principles involved
in the extraction of metals.
UNIT 13: Hydrogen
Position of hydrogen in periodic table, isotopes, preparation,
properties and uses of hydrogen; Physical and chemical properties of water
and heavy water; Structure, preparation, reactions and uses of hydrogen
peroxide; Classification of hydrides - ionic, covalent and interstitial;
Hydrogen as a fuel.
UNIT 14: s - Block Elements (Alkali and Alkaline Earth Metals)
Group 1 and Group 2 Elements
General introduction, electronic configuration and general trends in physical and chemical properties of elements, anomalous properties of the first element of each group, diagonal relationships. Preparation and properties of some important compounds - sodium carbonate, sodium chloride, sodium hydroxide and sodium hydrogen carbonate; Industrial uses of lime, limestone, Plaster of Paris and cement; Biological significance of Na, K, Mg and Ca.
UNIT 15: p - Block Elements
Group 13 to Group 18 Elements
General Introduction: Electronic configuration and general trends in physical
and chemical properties of elements across the periods and down the groups;
unique behaviour of the first element in each group.
Groupwise study of the p – block elements
Group - 13: Preparation, properties and uses of boron and aluminium; Structure, properties and uses of borax, boric acid, diborane, boron trifluoride, aluminium chloride and alums.
Group - 14: Tendency for catenation; Structure, properties and uses of allotropes and oxides of carbon, silicon tetrachloride, silicates, zeolites and silicones.
Group - 15: Properties and uses of nitrogen and phosphorus; Allotrophic forms of phosphorus; Preparation, properties, structure and uses of ammonia, nitric acid, phosphine and phosphorus halides, (PCl3, PCl5); Structures of oxides and oxoacids of nitrogen and phosphorus.
Group - 16: Preparation, properties, structures and uses of dioxygen and ozone; Allotropic forms of sulphur; Preparation, properties, structures and uses of sulphur dioxide, sulphuric acid (including its industrial preparation); Structures of oxoacids of sulphur.
Group - 17: Preparation, properties and uses of chlorine and hydrochloric acid; Trends in the acidic nature of hydrogen halides; Structures of Interhalogen compounds and oxides and oxoacids of halogens.
Group - 18: Occurrence and uses of noble gases; Structures of fluorides and oxides of xenon.
UNIT 16: d – and f – Block Elements
Transition Elements: General introduction, electronic configuration, occurrence and characteristics, general trends in properties of the first row transition elements - physical properties, ionization enthalpy, oxidation states, atomic radii, colour, catalytic behaviour, magnetic properties, complex formation, interstitial compounds, alloy formation; Preparation, properties and uses of K2Cr2O7 and KMnO4.
Inner Transition Elements: Lanthanoids - Electronic configuration, oxidation states, chemical reactivity and lanthanoid contraction.
Actinoids - Electronic configuration and oxidation states.
UNIT 17: Co-ordination Compounds
Introduction to co-ordination compounds, Werner’s theory;
ligands, co-ordination number, denticity, chelation; IUPAC nomenclature
of mononuclear co-ordination compounds, isomerism; Bonding-Valence bond
approach and basic ideas of Crystal field theory, colour and magnetic
properties; Importance of co-ordination compounds (in qualitative analysis,
extraction of metals and in biological systems).
UNIT 18: Environmental Chemistry
Environmental pollution - Atmospheric, water and soil.
Atmospheric pollution - Tropospheric and stratospheric
Tropospheric pollutants - Gaseous pollutants: Oxides of carbon, nitrogen
and sulphur, hydrocarbons; their sources, harmful effects and prevention;
Green house effect and Global warming; Acid rain; Particulate pollutants:
Smoke, dust, smog, fumes, mist; their sources, harmful effects and prevention.
Stratospheric pollution - Formation and breakdown of ozone, depletion
of ozone layer - its mechanism and effects.
Water Pollution - Major pollutants such as, pathogens, organic wastes
and chemical pollutants; their harmful effects and prevention.
Soil pollution - Major pollutants such as: Pesticides (insecticides,.
herbicides and fungicides), their harmful effects and prevention.
Strategies to control environmental pollution.
Section-C: Organic Chemistry
UNIT 19: Purification and Characterisation of Organic Compounds
Purification - Crystallization, sublimation, distillation, differential extraction and chromatography - principles and their applications. Qualitative analysis - Detection of nitrogen, sulphur, phosphorus and halogens.
Quantitative analysis (basic principles only) - Estimation of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, halogens, sulphur, phosphorus. Calculations of empirical formulae and molecular formulae; Numerical problems in organic quantitative analysis.
UNIT 20: Some Basic Principles of Organic Chemistry
Tetravalency of carbon; Shapes of simple molecules - hybridization
(s and p); Classification of organic compounds based on functional groups:
- C = C - , - C ? C - and those containing halogens, oxygen, nitrogen
and sulphur; Homologous series; Isomerism - structural and stereoisomerism.
Nomenclature (Trivial and IUPAC)
Covalent bond fission - Homolytic and heterolytic: free radicals, carbocations
and carbanions; stability of carbocations and free radicals, electrophiles
and nucleophiles.
Electronic displacement in a covalent bond - Inductive effect, electromeric
effect, resonance and hyperconjugation.
Common types of organic reactions - Substitution, addition, elimination
and rearrangement.
UNIT 21: Hydrocarbons
Classification, isomerism, IUPAC nomenclature, general methods
of preparation, properties and reactions.
Alkanes - Conformations: Sawhorse and Newman projections (of ethane);
Mechanism of halogenation of alkanes.
Alkenes - Geometrical isomerism; Mechanism of electrophilic addition:
addition of hydrogen, halogens, water, hydrogen halides (Markownikoff’s
and peroxide effect); Ozonolysis, oxidation, and polymerization.
Alkynes - Acidic character; Addition of hydrogen, halogens, water and
hydrogen halides; Polymerization.
Aromatic hydrocarbons - Nomenclature, benzene - structure and aromaticity;
Mechanism of electrophilic substitution: halogenation, nitration, Friedel
- Craft’s alkylation and acylation, directive influence of functional
group in mono-substituted benzene.
UNIT 22: Organic Compounds Containing Halogens
General methods of preparation, properties and reactions; Nature
of C-X bond; Mechanisms of substitution reactions.
Uses; Environmental effects of chloroform, iodoform, freons and DDT.
UNIT 23: Organic Compounds Containing Oxygen
General methods of preparation, properties, reactions and uses.
Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers
Alcohols: Identification of primary, secondary and tertiary alcohols;
mechanism of dehydration.
Phenols: Acidic nature, electrophilic substitution reactions: halogenation,
nitration and sulphonation, Reimer - Tiemann reaction.
Ethers: Structure.
Aldehyde and Ketones
Nature of carbonyl group; Nucleophilic addition to >C=O group, relative
reactivities of aldehydes and ketones; Important reactions such as - Nucleophilic
addition reactions (addition of HCN, NH3 and its derivatives), Grignard
reagent; oxidation; reduction (Wolff Kishner and Clemmensen); acidity
of ? - hydrogen, aldol condensation, Cannizzaro reaction, Haloform reaction;
Chemical tests to distinguish between aldehydes and Ketones.
Carboxylic Acids: Acidic strength and factors affecting it.
UNIT 24: Organic Compounds Containing Nitrogen
General methods of preparation, properties, reactions and uses.
Amines: Nomenclature, classification, structure, basic character and identification
of primary, secondary and tertiary amines and their basic character.
Diazonium Salts: Importance in synthetic organic chemistry.
UNIT 25: Polymers
General introduction and classification of polymers, general methods
of polymerization - addition and condensation, copolymerization;
Natural and synthetic rubber and vulcanization; some important polymers
with emphasis on their monomers and uses - polythene, nylon, polyester
and bakelite.
UNIT 26: Bio Molecules
General introduction and importance of biomolecules.
Carbohydrates - Classification: aldoses and ketoses; monosaccharides (glucose
and fructose), constituent monosaccharides of oligosacchorides (sucrose,
lactose, maltose) and polysaccharides (starch, cellulose, glycogen).
Proteins - Elementary Idea of amino acids, peptide bond, polypeptides;
Proteins: primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary structure (qualitative
idea only), denaturation of proteins, enzymes.
Vitamins - Classification and functions.
Nucleic Acids - Chemical constitution of DNA and RNA. Biological functions
of nucleic acids.
UNIT 27: Chemistry in Everyday Life
Chemicals in medicines - Analgesics, tranquilizers, antiseptics,
disinfectants, antimicrobials, antifertility drugs, antibiotics, antacids,
antihistamins - their meaning and common examples.
Chemicals in food - Preservatives, artificial sweetening agents - common
examples.
Cleansing agents - Soaps and detergents, cleansing action.
UNIT 28: Principles Related to Practical Chemistry
• Detection of extra elements (N,S, halogens) in organic
compounds; Detection of the following functional groups: hydroxyl (alcoholic
and phenolic), carbonyl (aldehyde and ketone), carboxyl and amino groups
in organic compounds.
• Chemistry involved in the preparation of the following:
Inorganic compounds: Mohr’s salt, potash alum.
Organic compounds: Acetanilide, p-nitroacetanilide, aniline yellow, iodoform.
• Chemistry involved in the titrimetric excercises - Acids bases
and the use of indicators, oxalic-acid vs KMnO4, Mohr’s salt vs
KMnO4.
• Chemical principles involved in the qualitative salt analysis:
Cations - Pb2+ , Cu2+, AI3+, Fe3+, Zn2+, Ni2+, Ca2+, Ba2+, Mg2+, NH4+.
Anions- CO32-, S2-, SO42-, NO2-, NO3-, CI-, Br, I. (Insoluble salts excluded).
JEE (Main) Mathematics Syllabus
UNIT 1: Sets, Relations and Functions
Sets and their representation; Union, intersection and complement of sets
and their algebraic properties; Power set; Relation, Types of relations,
equivalence relations, functions;. one-one, into and onto functions, composition
of functions.
UNIT 2: Complex Numbers and Quadratic Equations
Complex numbers as ordered pairs of reals, Representation of complex numbers
in the form a+ib and their representation in a plane, Argand diagram,
algebra of complex numbers, modulus and argument (or amplitude) of a complex
number, square root of a complex number, triangle inequality, Quadratic
equations in real and complex number system and their solutions. Relation
between roots and co-efficients, nature of roots, formation of quadratic
equations with given roots.
UNIT 3: Matrices and Determinants
Matrices, algebra of matrices, types of matrices, determinants and matrices
of order two and three. Properties of determinants, evaluation of determinants,
area of triangles using determinants. Adjoint and evaluation of inverse
of a square matrix using determinants and elementary transformations,
Test of consistency and solution of simultaneous linear equations in two
or three variables using determinants and matrices.
UNIT 4: Permutations and Combinations
Fundamental principle of counting, permutation as an arrangement and combination
as selection, Meaning of P (n,r) and C (n,r), simple applications.
UNIT 5: Mathematical Induction
Principle of Mathematical Induction and its simple applications.
UNIT 6: Binomial Theorem
Binomial theorem for a positive integral index, general term and middle
term, properties of Binomial coefficients and simple applications.
UNIT 7: Sequences and Series
Arithmetic and Geometric progressions, insertion of arithmetic, geometric
means between two given numbers. Relation between A.M. and G.M. Sum upto
n terms of special series: Sn, Sn2, Sn3. Arithmetico - Geometric progression.
UNIT 8: Limit, Continuity and Differentiability
Real - valued functions, algebra of functions, polynomials, rational,
trigonometric, logarithmic and exponential functions, inverse functions.
Graphs of simple functions. Limits, continuity and differentiability.
Differentiation of the sum, difference, product and quotient of two functions.
Differentiation of trigonometric, inverse trigonometric, logarithmic,
exponential, composite and implicit functions; derivatives of order upto
two. Rolle’s and Lagrange’s Mean Value Theorems. Applications
of derivatives: Rate of change of quantities, monotonic - increasing and
decreasing functions, Maxima and minima of functions of one variable,
tangents and normals.
UNIT 9: Integral Calculus
Integral as an anti - derivative. Fundamental integrals involving algebraic,
trigonometric, exponential and logarithmic functions. Integration by substitution,
by parts and by partial fractions. Integration using trigonometric identities.
Evaluation of simple integrals of the type Integral as limit of a sum.
Fundamental Theorem of Calculus. Properties of definite integrals. Evaluation
of definite integrals, determining areas of the regions bounded by simple
curves in standard form.
UNIT 10: Differential Equations
Ordinary differential equations, their order and degree. Formation
of differential equations. Solution of differential equations by the method
of separation of variables, solution of homogeneous and linear differential
equations of the type:
UNIT 11: Co-ordinate Geometry
Cartesian system of rectangular co-ordinates in a plane, distance
formula, section formula, locus and its equation, translation of axes,
slope of a line, parallel and perpendicular lines, intercepts of a line
on the coordinate axes.
Straight lines
Various forms of equations of a line, intersection of lines, angles between two lines, conditions for concurrence of three lines, distance of a point from a line, equations of internal and external bisectors of angles between two lines, coordinates of centroid, orthocentre and circumcentre of a triangle, equation of family of lines passing through the point of intersection of two lines.
Circles, conic sections
Standard form of equation of a circle, general form of the equation of a circle, its radius and centre, equation of a circle when the end points of a diameter are given, points of intersection of a line and a circle with the centre at the origin and condition for a line to be tangent to a circle, equation of the tangent. Sections of cones, equations of conic sections (parabola, ellipse and hyperbola) in standard forms, condition for y = mx + c to be a tangent and point (s) of tangency.
UNIT 12: Three Dimensional Geometry
Coordinates of a point in space, distance between two points, section
formula, direction ratios and direction cosines, angle between two intersecting
lines. Skew lines, the shortest distance between them and its equation.
Equations of a line and a plane in different forms, intersection of a
line and a plane, coplanar lines.
UNIT 13: Vector Algebra
Vectors and scalars, addition of vectors, components of a vector in two
dimensions and three dimensional space, scalar and vector products, scalar
and vector triple product.
UNIT 14: Statistics and Probability
Measures of Dispersion
Calculation of mean, median, mode of grouped and ungrouped data. Calculation
of standard deviation, variance and mean deviation for grouped and ungrouped
data.
Probability: Probability of an event, addition and multiplication theorems
of probability, Baye’s theorem, probability distribution of a random
variate, Bernoulli trials and Binomial distribution.
UNIT 15: Trigonometry
Trigonometrical identities and equations. Trigonometrical functions.
Inverse trigonometrical functions and their properties. Heights and Distances.
UNIT 16: Mathematical Reasoning
Statements, logical operations and, or, implies, implied by, if and only
if. Understanding of tautology, contradiction, converse and contrapositive